The Greatest Writers of all Time

Selected by piero scaruffi | Contact
Best novels ever | Best poetry | Best theater
National literatures | Back to World Literature


AGE

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1800











1900
....SPANISH....








Cervantes (1547)
Lope de Vega (1562)
Quevedo (1580)
Calderon (1600)












Perez Galdos (1843)

Dario (*1867)



Jimenez (1881)


Garcia Lorca (1898)
Borges (*1899)
Neruda (*1904)
Carpentier (*1904)
Sabato (*1911)
Cortazar (*1914)
Paz (*1914)
Donoso (*1925)
Garcia Marquez (*1927)




Goytisolo (1931)

Vargas Llosa (*1936)


Bolano (*1953)
(*) = in America
PORTUGUESE








Camoes (1524)















Assis (1839)
Queiros (1845)




Machado (*1875)
Pessoa (1888)





Meireles (*1901)



Lispector (*1920)
Bessa-Luis (1922)
Saramago (1922)














(*) = in Brazil
......ITALIAN....


Dante (1265)
Petrarca (1304)
Boccaccio (1313)

Ariosto (1474)








Goldoni (1707)





Leopardi (1798)



Pascoli (1855)
Svevo (1861)
Pirandello (1867)




Gadda (1893)
Montale (1896)

Pavese (1908)
Morante (1912)



Zanzotto (1921)
Calvino (1923)











Ferrante (1943)
AGE

1200

1300

1400

1500



1600



1700






1800











1900
....FRENCH....

Chretien (11xx)



Villon (1431)
Rabelais (1494)





Moliere (1622)

Voltaire (1694)





Stendhal (1783)
Balzac (1799)
Hugo (1802)
Baudelaire (1821)
Flaubert (1821)
Zola (1840)
Mallarme` (1842)
Rimbaud (1854)
Gide (1869)
Proust (1871)
Valery (1871)
Cocteau (1889)
Celine (1894)


Sartre (1905)
Beckett (1906)
Camus (1913)




Perec (1936)
..GERMAN..
















Goethe (1749)
Schiller (1759)
Holderlin (1770)
Kleist (1771)
Novalis (1772)
Heine (1797)
Hoffmann (1776)
Buchner (1813)

Schnitzler (1862)
Wedekind (1864)
Rilke (1875)
Mann (1875)
Hesse (1877)
Musil (1880)
Kafka (1883)

Brecht (1898)
Canetti (1905)




Durrenmatt(1921)


Bernhard (1931)









Jelinek (1946)
....ENGLISH....




Chaucer (1340)



Spenser (1552)
Marlowe (1564)
Shakespeare (1564)
Donne (1572)
Milton (1608)

Swift (1667)


Blake (1757)

Wordsworth (1770)
Austen (1775)


Dickens (1812)
Bronte (1818)
G. Eliot (1819)
Hardy (1840)
Shaw (1856)
Conrad (1857)
Yeats (1865)

Joyce (1882)
Woolf (1882)










Pinter (1930)

Byatt (1936)
Heaney (1939)








Mantel (1952)
Ishiguro (1954)
....ENGLISH....























Melville ($1819)


James ($1843)
Tagore (*1861)

Stevens ($1879)
Pound ($1885)
T.S. Eliot ($1888)
Fitzgerald ($1896)
Faulkner ($1897)
Nabokov ($1899)

White (#1912)
Gordimer (#1923)
Frame (#1924)
Bellow ($1915)
Gaddis ($1922)
Ashbery ($1927)
Barth ($1930)
Walcott (%1930)
Morrison ($1931)
McCarthy ($1933)
Soyinka (&1934)
DeLillo ($1936)
Pynchon ($1937)




Rushdie (*1947)


($) = in North America
(*) = in India
(#) = in Oceania
(&) = in Africa
(%) = Caribbeans
AGE

1200

1300

1400

1500



1600



1700






1800











1900
...GREEK/BALKAN...



































Seferis (1900)
Ritsos (1909)
Elytis (1911)







Kis (1935)
Kadare (1936)







Cartarescu (1956)
......RUSSIAN......





















Pushkin (1799)
Gogol (1809)
Turgenev (1818)
Dostoevskij (1821)
Tolstoj (1828)
Cechov (1860)
Blok (1880)
Bely (1880)
Achmatova (1889)
Pasternak (1890)
Mandelstam (1891)
Bulgakov (1891)
Majakovskij (1893)


Grossman (1905)





Yevtushenko (1933)



Brodsky (1940)
Sokolov (1943)
....POLISH....
























Norwid (1821)




Witkiewicz (1885)


Gombrowicz (1904)
Milosz (1911)
Lem (1921)
Herbert (1924)




















Tokarczuk (1962)
HUNGARIAN













































Nadas (1942)










Krasznahorkai (1954)
....CZECH....

































Holan (1905)





Kundera (1929)
SCANDINAVIAN
























Ibsen (1828)
Strindberg (1849)
Lagerlof (1858)



Under (1883)








Hultberg (Denmark, 1935)
AGE

1200

1300

1400

1500



1600



1700






1800











1900
..CHINESE..













Cao Xueqin (171#)






















Gao Xingjian (1940)


Yan Lianke (1958)
..JAPANESE..






























Tanizaki (1886)










Mishima (1925)







Murakami (1949)
MIDDLE EAST
Ferdowsi (940)
Khayyam (1050)
Nezami (1140)
Rumi (1207)
Hafez (1324)



























Singer (1904)






Adonis (1930)
AGE

1200

1300

1400

1500



1600



1700






1800











1900

The columns are rough approximations.

Writers are grouped by the language in which they wrote. The country that today owns the region in which they lived might be completely different (e.g., Ireland is now independent of Britain, Czech Republic is independent of Austria) and some countries did not even exist when these writers lived (Germany and Italy were only born in the late 19th century). Austrians write in German. Conrad (Polish) is listed under "English" because he wrote in English, and so are all Irish and US and Australian writers. Kafka (Czech) is under "German". This page is not the place to find out where a writer was born or lived, just a summary of the writers that I consider most important classified by language.

Go to the timelines for the real thing.