Jackie McLean
(Copyright © 2006 Piero Scaruffi | Legal restrictions - Termini d'uso )
Krentz Ratings:
New Soil (1959), 6/10
Jackie's Bag (1960), 6.5/10
Bluesnik (1961), 7/10
Let Freedom Ring (1962), 7/10
One Step Beyond (1963), 7/10
Destination Out (1963), 7/10
It's Time (1964), 6/10
Action (1964), 6/10
New and Old Gospel (1967), 7/10
Bout Soul (1967), 6/10
Demon's Dance (1967), 7/10
Dynasty (1988), 7/10
Rites of Passage (1991), 7/10
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The son of white and black parents, Jackie McLean (1932) was the only alto saxophonist to create a personal style based on the spirit of Charlie Parker's accomplishments. After accompanying Sonny Rollins (1948), Miles Davis (1949), Charles Mingus (1956) and Art Blakey (1956), McLean refined his hard-bop style through a series of intriguing collaborations: his 13-minute composition Lights Out (january 1956), in a quintet with trumpeter Donald Byrd, pianist Elmo Hope, bassist Doug Watkins and drummer Art Taylor, an extended cover of Charlie Parker's Confirmation (july 1956), featuring a sextet with trumpeter Donald Byrd and tenor saxophonist Hank Mobley, his 10-minute piece Mc Lean's Scene (december 1956), in a quintet with trumpeter Bill Hardman, pianist Red Garland, bassist Paul Chambers and Taylor, Beau Jack (february 1957), with Mal Waldron on piano, Hardman, Watkins and Taylor, the 20-minute jam A Long Drink of the Blues (august 1957), featuring trombonist Curtis Fuller, trumpeter Webster Young, pianist Gil Coggins, bassist Paul Chambers and drummer Louis Hayes.
McLean's style began to depart from standard hard bop on New Soil (may 1959), that displayed Ornette Coleman's influence in his Hip Strut and Minor Apprehension for a piano-trumpet quintet, on Jackie's Bag (september 1960), with trumpeter Blue Mitchell, tenor saxophonist Tina Brooks, pianist Kenny Drew, Chambers and Taylor, that included two exotic pieces (his Appointment in Ghana and Tina Brooks' Isle of Java), and on Bluesnik (january 1961), in a quintet with trumpeter Freddie Hubbard and pianist Kenny Drew, devoted to blues pieces composed by McLean (such as the title-track). The "crying" style of his alto on Let Freedom Ring (march 1962), accompanied by piano, bass and drums, was the direct link between hard bop and free jazz. Its four lengthy jams (including Melody for Melonae, Rene, Omega,) unleashed all the emotion and creativity that had been constrained on the previous albums. The even more atmospheric One Step Beyond (april 1963), for a quintet with trombone (Grachan Moncur) and vibraphone (Bobby Hutcherson), merged blues, hard bop and modal improvisation into a new kind of chamber jazz, particularly in Moncur's Frankenstein and Ghost Town and in McLean's Saturday and Sunday. The same idea and line-up (although with a different rhythm section) were repeated on Destination Out (september 1963), and at least Moncur's Esoteric and McLean's Kahlil the Prophet managed to further improve the disorienting sensation of musicians playing with no proper leader. McLean fully adopted the "free" idiom on It's Time (august 1964), in a new quintet with trumpeter Charles Tolliver and pianist Herbie Hancock, and Action (september 1964), with Bobby Hutcherson's vibraphone replacing the piano.

Tippin' The Scales (september 1962) documents a quartet with Sonny Clark (piano), Butch Warren (bass) and Art Taylor (drums). Consequence (december 1965) features Lee Morgan (trumpet), Harold Mabern (piano), Herbie Lewis (bass) and Billy Higgins (drums).

Ornette Coleman in person played trumpet for McLean on the side-long four-movement suite Lifeline, off New and Old Gospel (march 1967), his most complex composition ever. The free-jazz period ended with Bout Soul (september 1967), with Moncur, Woody Shaw on trumpet, piano, bass and drums (Rashied Ali), because Demon's Dance (december 1967), without Moncur but with Jack DeJohnette on drums, was already a more traditional work. After a long hiatus, McLean staged an impressive comeback with Dynasty (november 1988) and Rites of Passage (january 1991).

McLean died in 2006.

(Translation by/ Tradotto da Luca Magnano)

Figlio di una unione interrazziale, Jackie McLean (1932) fu l'unico sassofonista contralto a creare uno stile personale nello stesso spirito di Charlie Parker. Dopo aver accompagnato Sonny Rollins (1948), Miles Davis (1949), Charles Mingus (1956) e Art Blakey (1956), McLean definì il suo stile hard bop nel corso di una serie di affascinanti collaborazioni: il suo brano di 13 minuti Lights Out (gennaio 1956), in un quintetto con Donald Byrd alla tromba, Elmo Hope al piano, Doug Watkins al contrabbasso e Art Taylor alla batteria, una cover estesa di Confirmation di Charlie Parker (luglio 1956), con un sestetto che vede Donald Byrd alla tromba e Hank Mobley al sax tenore, il suo pezzo di dieci minuti Mc Lean's Scene (dicembre 1956), in un quintetto con Bill Hardman alla tromba, Red Garland al piano, Paul Chambers al contrabbasso e Taylor, Beau Jack (febbraio 1957) con Mal Waldron al piano, Hardman, Watkins e Taylor, l'improvvisazione di 20 minuti A Long Drink of the Blues (agosto 1957), con Curtis Fuller al trombone, Webster Young alla tromba, Gil Coggins al piano, Paul Chambers al contrabbasso e Louis Hayes alla batteria.

Lo stile di McLean iniziò ad allontanarsi dai canoni dell'hard bop con New Soil (maggio 1959), che dimostra l'influenza di Ornette Coleman specialmente nei brani Hip Strut e Minor Apprehension per un quintetto con piano e tromba, poi con Jackie's Bag (settembre 1960), con Blue Mitchell alla tromba, Tina Brooks al sax tenore, Kenny Drew al piano, Chambers e Taylor, che include due brani esotici (Appointment in Ghana di McLean e Isle of Java di Tina Brooks), e con Bluesnik (gennaio 1961), con un quintetto con Freddie Hubbard alla tromba e Kenny Drew al piano, dedicato ai brani blues di McLean (come la title-track). Lo stile “urlante” del suo sax contralto in Let Freedom Ring (marzo 1962), accompagnato da piano, contrabbasso e batteria, è al confine tra hard bop e free jazz. Nel disco, quattro lunghe improvvisazioni (tra cui Melody for Melonae, Rene, Omega) liberano tutta l'emotività e la creatività che nei dischi precedenti erano state tenute a bada. In One Step Beyond (aprile 1963), anche più suggestiva, per un quintetto con trombone (Grachan Moncur) e vibrafono (Bobby Hutcherson), si incontrano blues, hard bop e improvvisazione modale, per creare un nuovo tipo di jazz cameristico, particolarmente in Frankenstein e Ghost Town di Moncur e in Saturday and Sunday di McLean. La stessa idea e la stessa formazione (anche se con una nuova sezione ritmica) si trovano in Destination Out (settembre 1963), e almeno Esoteric di Moncur e Kahlil the Prophet di McLean riescono ad alimentare ancora di più la sensazione spiazzante che i musicisti improvvisino senza la guida di un leader vero e proprio. McLean adottò del tutto un linguaggio “libero” (“free”) in It's Time (agosto 1964), col nuovo quintetto con Charles Tolliver alla tromba e Herbie Hancock al piano, e Action (settembre 1964), col vibrafono di Bobby Hutcherson al posto del piano. Ornette Coleman in persona suonò la tromba per McLean sulla suite in quattro movimenti Lifeline, che occupa un intero lato del disco New and Old Gospel (marzo 1967), la composizione più complessa di McLean. Il periodo free jazz finì con Bout Soul (settembre 1967), con Moncur, Woody Shaw alla tromba e poi piano, contrabbasso e batteria (Rashied Ali), in quanto Demon's Dance (dicembre 1967), senza Moncur ma con Jack DeJohnette alla batteria, era ormai un disco più tradizionale. Dopo una lunga pausa, McLean fece un impressionante ritorno in scena con Dynasty (novembre 1988) e Rites of Passage (gennaio 1991).

(Copyright © 2006 Piero Scaruffi | Legal restrictions - Termini d'uso )
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